NOTES

1. Burke J. Balch is the Director of the Department of Medical Ethics for the National Right to Life Committee and David Waters was a Research Assistant to Mr. Balch. The authors of this piece gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Dr. Matthew Conolly, associate professor of medicine and pharmacology at the University of California-Los Angeles (UCLA).

2. Albert Einstein, "Overview of Cancer Pain Management," in Judy Kornell, ed., Pain Management and Care of the Terminal Patient (Washington: Washington State Medical Association, 1992), p. 4.

3. Kathleen M. Foley, "The Relationship of Pain and Symptom Management to Patient Requests for Physician-Assisted Suicide," Journal of Pain and Symptom Management v. 6 (July 1991): p. 290.

4. "Total pain" is a concept developed by Dr. Saunders. See, Cicely Saunders, The Management of Terminal Malignant Disease, (1984), p. 232.

5. C. Richard Chapman, "The Psychology of Cancer Pain," Supra Note 1, p. 21.

6. Matthew Conolly, "Alternative to Euthanasia: Pain Management," Issues in Law and Medicine v. 4 (Spring 1989): p. 499.

7. Robert Truog and Charles Berde, "Pain, Euthanasia, and Anesthesiologists," Anesthesiology v. 78 (Feb. 1993): p. 357.

8. American Cancer Society in Association With the National Cancer Institute, "Questions and Answers about Pain Control," (1992), pp. 43-51.

9. Matthew Conolly, M.D., letter to author, August 2, 1993.

10. Louis Saeger, "Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA) in Caner Pain Management," Supra Note 1, pp. 149-53.

11. Ibid.

12. Chuck Michelini, "Patients Put in Control of Their Pain Medication," Medical Tribune (October 29, 1986): p. 46.

13. Gene Bylinsky, "New Gains in the Fight Against Pain," Fortune (March 22, 1993): p. 116.

14. Matthew Conolly, M.D., letter to author, August 2, 1993.

15. Jane M. Anderson, "Pain Management: Challenging the Myths," Medical World News (April 1992): p. 20.

16. David E. Weissman, June L. Dahl, and John W. Beasley, "The Caner Pain Role Model Program of the Wisconsin Cancer Pain Initiative", Journal of Pain and Symptom Management v. 8 (January 1993): p. 29.


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