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"A
Decent Respect for the Constitution"
As
regular readers of TN&V know, we had a few
technical glitches late last week. Editions
did not go out on schedule. I trust, even
reading them late, you find them of use.
And I
also hope everyone had a wonderful Easter.
With all my kids home from college, it was a
particularly wonderful weekend for me.
Veteran pro-lifers know that "precedent" is
the last refuge of pro-abortionists. Now
that everything else has failed--it's
obvious that Roe v. Wade and its legal
progeny make no sense as constitutional law
(or anything else)--proponents fall back on
the notion that courts ought to dutifully
honor the status quo. Or, to put it in a
more high-falutin' way, courts must have a
decent respect for prior decisions
(precedent) or chaos will reign.
Obviously, at one level, this has a lot of
appeal. But at another, it doesn't hold a
drop of water. If the Supreme Court blindly
followed precedent, African-Americans would
still be assigned to segregated schools, to
name just the most obvious example.
Robert
Nagel is a professor at the University of
Colorado. On Monday he offered a very
thoughtful opinion piece at
nationalreview.com: "Bowing to Precedent --A
decent respect for the Constitution should
cause the Supreme Court to reconsider some
past decisions."
Let me
note just a couple of highlights as the
essay applies to abortion. (Professor Nagel
also writes about other issues beyond our
purview.) These will touch on ideas that I,
for one, never considered.
First,
pro-lifers and others have bitterly
complained (with complete justification)
that the Supreme Court has long dabbled in
matters in which it has no particular
expertise and certainly no constitutional
warrant. But Nagel takes this insight
further.
"Respect for precedent means not only that
the justices should follow the specific
outcomes of prior cases but also that they
must follow their logic. The logic of
legions of cases demands that judges
second-guess legislative and executive
decisions on the most sensitive moral and
political issues and that judges decide for
themselves on the appropriate means for
achieving preferred policies.
"The
simple fact is that constitutional law as
set out in the cases now requires judges to
legislate from the bench. Nominees to the
Court can repeat endlessly that judges
should interpret, not make, law. But unless
they are willing, once on the Court, to
rethink the logic of prior cases, they will
have to make law."
A
brilliant insight, don't you think? If the
logic of past decisions virtually mandates
judicial second guessing, then that logic
must be revisited if the courts are ever to
get out of the habit of legislating from the
bench.
Second, the Court used Planned Parenthood
v. Casey to update/revise/revisit Roe
v. Wade. Some parts are simply
gobbledygook, other sections are almost
mystic in their impenetrability, while still
others are fiercely defensive of what these
justices knew were Roe's colossal
weaknesses.
Nagel
does many things well in his essay, but two
in particular. He explains (in English) how
the rationales used in Casey to
justify maintaining Roe's "essential
holdings" are not statements of "legal
principle at all" but the "moral conclusion"
of several of the justices. And when the
justices speculate on what reversal of Roe
would mean, this is amateur social science,
not a disinterested reading of whether
Roe remains good law.
Second, in several places Nagel addresses
what the Court really seemed to be saying in
Casey, once you get past the
self-congratulatory prose. You may remember
in Casey how three of the justices
(O'Connor, Souter, and Kennedy) went on and
on about how the Court couldn't be seen as
giving into "political pressure." The
illogic has been pointed out ten thousand
times: the more controversy a decision
evokes, the more it should remain beyond
re-examination.
The
following quote from Prof. Nagel builds on
that. It is lengthy, but much worth reading.
"More
disturbingly, Casey does not exactly
say that following the precedent set by Roe
is important in order to convince the public
that the Court is in fact abiding by legal
principle. It says, to be precise, that it
is important that the Court appear to be
abiding by legal principle. Indeed, for all
its high-toned references to the rule of
law, the opinion is suffused with cynicism
about the relationship between law and
politics.
"At
one point, for instance, it asserts that,
because the usual reasons for overruling
precedent do not apply to the original
abortion decision, 'the Court could not
pretend to be reexamining the prior law with
any justification beyond present doctrinal
disposition to come out differently from the
Court of 1973.' Pretend? And since when is a
considered judgment that a constitutional
ruling was profoundly wrong as a matter of
law referred to as 'a present doctrinal
disposition to come out differently'"?
It can
not be said often enough. Roe v. Wade
(and its sister decision Doe v. Bolton)
wreaked havoc with the abortion laws of all
50 states. The Court's ongoing effort to
shore up the unsupportable may work in the
short term but Roe's eventual collapse is
inevitable.
Please
send your comments to Dave Andrusko at
dandrusko@nrlc.org.
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